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NEW QUESTION # 97
Which of the following statements about estimation of the test effort is WRONG?
Answer: D
Explanation:
* Effort estimate does not depend on the budget of the project, but rather on the scope, complexity, and quality of the software product and the testing activities1. Budget is a constraint that may affect the feasibility and accuracy of the effort estimate, but it is not a factor that determines the effort estimate. Effort estimate is the amount of work required to complete the testing activities, measured in terms of person-hours, person-days, or person-months2.
* The other options are correct because:
* A. Once the test effort is estimated, resources can be identified and a schedule can be drawn up, as they are interrelated aspects of the test planning process3. Resources are the people, tools, equipment, and facilities needed to perform the testing activities4. Schedule is the time frame and sequence of the testing activities, aligned with the project milestones and deadlines5.
* B. Effort estimate can be inaccurate because the quality of the product under tests is not known, as it affects the number and severity of the defects that may be found and the rework that may be needed to fix them6. Quality is the degree to which the software product satisfies the specified requirements and meets the needs and expectations of the users and clients7.
* D. Experience based estimation is one of the estimation techniques, which relies on the judgment and expertise of the testers and other project stakeholders to estimate the test effort based on similar projects or tasks done in the past. Experience based estimation can be useful when there is a lack of historical data, formal methods, or detailed information about the software product and the testing activities.
References =
* 1 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 154
* 2 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 155
* 3 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 156
* 4 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 157
* 5 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 158
* 6 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 159
* 7 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 16
* [8] ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 160
* [9] ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 161
NEW QUESTION # 98
In which of the following test documents would you expect to find test exit criteria described9
Answer: C
Explanation:
Test exit criteria are the conditions that must be fulfilled before concluding a particular testing phase. These criteria act as a checkpoint to assess whether we have achieved the testing objectives and are done with testing1. Test exit criteria are typically defined in the test plan document, which is one of the outputs of the test planning phase. The test plan document describes the scope, approach, resources, and schedule of the testing activities. It also identifies the test items, the features to be tested, the testing tasks, the risks, and the test deliverables2. According to the ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, the test plan document should include the following information related to the test exit criteria3:
* The criteria for evaluating test completion, such as the percentage of test cases executed, the percentage of test coverage achieved, the number and severity of defects found and fixed, the quality and reliability of the software product, and the stakeholder satisfaction.
* The criteria for evaluating test process improvement, such as the adherence to the test strategy, the efficiency and effectiveness of the testing activities, the lessons learned and best practices identified, and the recommendations for future improvements.
Therefore, the test plan document is the most appropriate test document to find the test exit criteria described.
The other options, such as test design specification, project plan, and requirements specification, are not directly related to the test exit criteria. The test design specification describes the test cases and test procedures for a specific test level or test type3. The project plan describes the overall objectives, scope, assumptions, risks, and deliverables of the software project4. The requirements specification describes the functional and non-functional requirements of the software product5. None of these documents specify the conditions for ending the testing process or evaluating the testing outcomes. References = ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Entry and Exit Criteria in Software Testing | Baeldung on Computer Science, Entry And Exit Criteria In Software Testing - Rishabh Software, Entry and Exit Criteria in Software Testing Life Cycle - STLC [2022 Updated] - Testsigma Blog, ISTQB releases Certified Tester Foundation Level v4.0 (CTFL).
NEW QUESTION # 99
Which of the following statements about the test pyramid is true?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The test pyramid is a concept that illustrates the different levels of testing and their relative quantities. The pyramid suggests that there should be more low-level unit tests than high-level end-to-end tests. As you move up the pyramid, the scope of each test increases, meaning each higher level test typically covers more of the production code.
* Unit Tests: Form the base of the pyramid and cover individual units of code. They are numerous because they are quick to write and execute.
* Service/Integration Tests: Sit in the middle of the pyramid and cover interactions between integrated units or services.
* UI/End-to-End Tests: At the top of the pyramid, these tests cover entire workflows and user interactions, making them fewer in number due to their complexity and execution time.
Option B accurately describes that the higher the layer of the test pyramid, the more production code a single automated test tends to cover because these higher-level tests involve broader functionalities and interactions compared to unit tests.
NEW QUESTION # 100
A Test Manager conducts risk assessment for a project. One of the identified risks is: The sub-contractor may fail to meet his commitment". If this risk materializes. it will lead to delay in completion of testing required for the current cycle.
Which of the following sentences correctly describes the risk?
Answer: B
Explanation:
A product risk is a risk that affects the quality or timeliness of the software product being developed or tested1. Product risks are related to the requirements, design, implementation, verification, and maintenance of the software product2.
The risk of the sub-contractor failing to meet his commitment is a product risk, as it could cause a delay in the completion of the testing required for the current cycle, which in turn could affect the release date of the product. The release date is an important aspect of the product quality, as it reflects the customer satisfaction and the market competitiveness of the product3.
The other options are not correct because:
A) It is not true that any risk associated with development timeline is a product risk. Some risks could be project risks, which are risks that affect the management or control of the software project, such as budget, resources, schedule, or communication1. For example, a risk of losing a key project stakeholder is a project risk, not a product risk.
B) It is not true that the risk is no longer a risk for the Test Manager since an independent party is managing it. The Test Manager is still responsible for ensuring that the testing activities are completed according to the test plan and the quality objectives4. The Test Manager should monitor and control the sub-contractor's performance and communicate with him regularly to identify and mitigate any potential issues or deviations5.
C) It is not clear what is meant by "object" in this option, but it could be interpreted as the software system under test or the test object6. In any case, the risk is not an object risk, as it does not affect the successful completion of the object, but rather the successful completion of the testing of the object. An object risk could be a risk that affects the functionality, reliability, usability, efficiency, maintainability, or portability of the software system under test2. For example, a risk of the software system having a high complexity or a low testability is an object risk, not a product risk.
Reference =
1 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 97
2 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 98
3 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 99
4 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 100
5 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 101
6 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 102
NEW QUESTION # 101
Which ONE of the following work products TYPICALLY belongs to test execution?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Test execution involves running test cases and documenting results. Test logs (A) provide evidence of executed tests, failures, and actual outcomes. Automated test scripts (B) are part of test implementation, test plans (C) belong to test planning, and test conditions (D) are identified during test analysis.
NEW QUESTION # 102
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